Selasa, 16 Februari 2016

Pipeline ending terminators (PLET)/pipeline ending manifold (PLEM)


Pipeline end terminators (PLET)/pipeline end manifold (PLEM), and inline structures (ILS) are subsea structures designed to attach the pipeline end and then lowered to the seabed in the desired orientation. The PLET/PLEM is located at the end of a subsea pipeline, while the inline structure is located in the middle of pipeline.

The design and installation ofe PLET/ILS include first-end, middle, and second-end options. The components of them may include from a single hub with manual isolation valve, to two or three hubs with ROV actuated valves, chemical injection, pig launching capabilities and more. The foundation of PLET/ILS may be a mudmat, or a single suction pile. A rigid or flexible jumper is utilized to tie-in the PLET/ILS to the other subsea structures, eg. Tree, manifold, or other PLET/PLEM.




As the oil&gas field development move further away from existing subsea infrastructures, it become advantageous to consider a subsea tie-in of their export system with existing deepwater pipeline system offering spare transport capacity. This necessitates incorporating pipeline end terminations (PLET’s) at both pipeline ends to tie in the system it incorporate generally a vertical connector and an actuated valve . A PLEM is a subsea structure used to connect  a flowline with other subsea structures such as a manifold or a tree it is a smaller version of a cluster manifold, a PLEM connects generally to a flowline through a jumper without the need of a PLET .


Sources :
Subsea Engineering Handbook, edited by Yong Bai, Qiang Ba



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